minecraft-assets/assets/minecraft/advancements/adventure/shoot_arrow.json

{
    "display": {
        "icon": "minecraft:bow",
        "title": "Shoot something"
    },
    "parent": "adventure/kill_a_mob",
    "criteria": {
        "shot_arrow": {
            "trigger": "minecraft:player_hurt_entity",
            "conditions": {
                "damage": {
                    "type": {
                        "is_projectile": true
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
}